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1.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 59(4): 321-333, dic. 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388402

ABSTRACT

Resumen Los tumores cerebrales son una causa importante de las epilepsias de difícil manejo, corresponden a un 20-30 % de los casos de cirugía de epilepsia refractaria. En este grupo de pacientes los tumores neuroepiteliales de bajo grado asociados a epilepsia (LEAT) son la principal causa, siendo los más frecuentes los tumores neuroepiteliales disembrioplásticos (DNT) y ganglioglioma (GG). En el presente artículo revisamos los cambios en la definición de epilepsia refractaria, avances en el diagnóstico por imágenes y el diagnóstico histopatológico con los nuevos marcadores moleculares, que han permitido un diagnóstico cada vez más precoz y certero. Se revisa también la cirugía resectiva que permite en estos casos una libertad de crisis cercana un 70-90% de los pacientes. Los mejores resultados en términos de control de crisis, se pueden alcanzar cuando la cirugía es precoz.


Brain tumors are an important cause of epilepsy that is difficult to manage, accounting for 20-30% of cases of refractory epilepsy surgery. In this group of patients, low-grade epilepsy-associated neuroepithelial tumors (LEAT) are the main cause and the most frequent being dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNT) and ganglioglioma (GG). In this article, we review the changes in the definition of refractory epilepsy, advances in diagnostic imaging, and histopathological diagnosis with new molecular markers, which have allowed for an increasingly early and accurate diagnosis. Resective surgery is also reviewed, allowing in these cases a seizure freedom close to 70-90% of patients. The best outcome in terms of seizure control can be achieved when early surgery is performed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/complications , Epilepsy/surgery
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 74(12): 1008-1013, Dec. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828005

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT In order to verify indications for surgery, 27 patients with refractory epileptic seizures and brain tumor, aged up to 19 years at the time of surgery, were studied between 1996 and 2013 and followed up for at least one year. The mean interval between the onset of seizures and the diagnosis of the tumor was 3.6 years, and from diagnosis to the surgery, 18 months. The location of the tumor was in the temporal lobe in 16, with ganglioglioma and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors being the most frequent. Among the patients, 92.5% and 90.4% were seizure-free in the first and fifth year after surgery, respectively. Twelve of 16 children were successful in becoming drug-free, with complete withdrawal by 3.2 years. Surgery proved to be potentially curative and safe in these cases, suggesting that the tumor diagnosis and surgery cannot be postponed.


RESUMO A fim de verificar os aspectos da indicação cirúrgica, vinte e sete pacientes com epilepsia refratária secundária a tumor cerebral, com idade de até 19 anos na cirurgia, operados entre 1996 e 2013 e seguidos por pelo menos um ano, foram estudados. O intervalo médio entre o início das crises e o diagnóstico do tumor foi de 3,6 anos, e deste para a cirurgia, 18 meses. A localização do tumor foi lobo temporal em 16, sendo ganglioglioma e DNET os tipos mais frequentes. Entre os pacientes, 92,5% e 90,4% estavam livres de crises no primeiro e no quinto ano após a cirurgia, respectivamente. Doze de 16 crianças obtiveram sucesso na retirada de drogas, com a média de tempo de 3,2 anos após o procedimento. A cirurgia provou ser potencialmente curativa e segura nestes casos, o que sugere que perante o diagnóstico de tumor esta não pode ser adiada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Brain Neoplasms/surgery , Epilepsy/surgery , Postoperative Period , Brain Neoplasms/complications , Preoperative Care , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/surgery , Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/complications , Ganglioglioma/surgery , Ganglioglioma/complications , Neurosurgical Procedures , Epilepsy/complications , Neurosurgeons
3.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 559-565, 2003.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-23962

ABSTRACT

To investigate the epileptogenic foci in dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) in the temporal lobe, we studied extraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) with subdural electrode arrays from nine patients with intractable epilepsy due to temporal DNT. Ictal onset zones and irritative zones were decided by the ECoG. The locations of these zones were compared to the location of the tumor. The number of ictal onset zone and irritative zone was 2.1+/-0.93 and 2.9+/-.45 in a patient with a DNT. They were detected more frequently in the adjacent tissues of the tumor (88.9%) rather than within the tumor or in mesial temporal area (66.7%). Mesial temporal involvement was found in 6 patients (66.7%) as an ictal onset zone, and in 5 (55.6%) as an irritative zone. The 7 patients (77.8%) had ictal onset zone in areas different from active irritative zone. The surgical outcome was better, when ictal onset zone was completely resected rather than partially removed. Temporal DNT can make multiple ictal onset zones and irritative zones in different regions including the mesial temporal area. Deliberate resection of epileptogenic foci, including all ictal onset zones and irritative zones, ensures excellent seizure control.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Brain/pathology , Brain Neoplasms/complications , Electroencephalography/methods , Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/etiology , Models, Anatomic , Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/complications , Subdural Space , Temporal Lobe/pathology , Time Factors
4.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 34(3): 281-8, jul.-sept. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-194450

ABSTRACT

El tumor disembrioplástico neuroepitelial es una lesión muy infrecuente del sistema nervioso central, la cual fue descrita por primera vez en 1988 por Daumas-Duport e incluida en la última clasificación de tumores cerebrales de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Nosotros comunicamos 18 casos consecutivos de DNT, en los que analizamos sus características clínicas y discutimos su diagnóstico diferencial con otras lesiones histológicamente similares asociados a epilepsia fármaco-resistente crónica. La edad media al momento de la operación y al inicio de la epilepsia fueron 27,9 años y 16,9 años respectivamente. Todos los pacientes presentaron epilepsia parcial compleja y sólo un paciente tuvo un leve déficit motor. La localización fue siempre supratentorial, 16 casos temporales y 2 frontales. La resonancia magnética (RM) mostró de regla una lesión quística, usualmente poliquística. Cinco pacientes tuvieron una cirugía previa en otra institución, 3 reacciones subtotales y 2 biopsias. Ningún paciente tuvo el diagnóstico de DNT previo a la segunda cirugía. Las operaciones fueron resecciones del DNT incluyendo el tejido epileptógeno. Un paciente con un DNT frontal localizado en ganglios basales tuvo la resección sub-total. El período de seguimiento varió entre 0.5 y 7 años (media 3,7 años). En nuestro grupo de 14 pacientes, 10 están libres de crisis y 3 presentan una reducción mayor a un 75 por ciento de sus crisis. Ningún paciente ha mostrado evidencia de recurrencia en el seguimiento con RM. La larga historia de epilepsia en nuestra serie indica que el DNT es una lesión que ha permanecido largo tiempo en el encéfalo, con lento o nulo crecimiento. El resultado post-operatorio sugiere que el DNT tiene un execlente pronóstico. Sin embargo, es aún necesario un mayor período de seguimiento, para establecer su real pronóstico en la era de la RM


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/diagnosis , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/complications , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/pathology , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/complications , Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/drug therapy , Ganglioglioma/diagnosis , Hamartoma/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/complications , Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/pathology , Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/surgery , Postoperative Complications
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